Socialinio verslo kūrimo patirčių socialiniame darbe
Keywords:
socialinis darbas, socialinis verslas, socialinis darbuotojas
Abstract
Socialinio verslo kūrimas yra naujas ir atliepiantis visuomenės poreikius verslas ne tik Lietuvoje, bet ir užsienio šalyse, tačiau yra dar gana naujas darinys teisinėje sferoje bei tyrimų praktikoje. Šiame straipsnyje analizuojama teorinė bei praktinė socialinio verslo kūrimo patirtis, socialinio verslo koncepcijos, sampratos, svarbos, poveikio bei socialinio darbo ir socialinio verslo sąsajų konstruktai. Pabrėžtina, kad socialinis verslas neturi vieno, aiškaus apibrėžimo ir teisinio reglamentavimo, be to, socialinio verslo koncepcija skiriasi kiekvienoje valstybėje. Atskleidžiami socialinio verslo kūrimo motyvai: tikėjimas, entuziazmas, idėjiškumas, noras dalytis, padėti, išreikšti save, ugdyti bendruomenę / visuomenę ir pan. Identifikuojama, kad socialiniai verslininkai neretai siekia ne finansinės naudos, o konstruktyvaus problemų sprendimo. Reikia pažymėti, kad socialinio verslo konstruktas ribotai įtraukiamas į socialinio darbo tyrimus, nors socialinis darbas ir socialinis verslas turi akivaizdžiai glaudžias sąsajas. Straipsnyje pristatomi atlikto kokybinio tyrimo, taikant iš dalies struktūruoto interviu metodą ir naratyvo analizę, rezultatai. Tyrimo tikslas – atskleisti socialinio darbuotojo socialinio verslo kūrimo patirtis. Atliekant tyrimą apklausta socialinė darbuotoja, socialinio verslo Lietuvoje atstovė, kuri pasidalijo savo patirtimi kuriant socialinį verslą. Pagrindiniai rezultatai: atskleisti menko teisinio reglamentavimo bei finansavimo keliami iššūkiai kuriant socialinį verslą, įvairus bendruomenės / visuomenės požiūris, ne visada matuojamas socialinis poveikis, taip pat atskleisti iššūkiai, kurie gali laukti ateityje, bei socialinio darbuotojo patirtys bei vidiniai motyvai, turėję įtakos socialinio verslo kūrimui. Tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad socialiniams verslininkams nerimą kelia tarptautiniai ir globaliniai pokyčiai, teisinis reglamentavimas dėl socialinio verslo perdavimo kitiems asmenims bei dilema dėl kokybinės ir kiekybinės socialinio verslo plėtros.
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References
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2. Adomaitytė-Subačienė, I., Girkontaitė A., Petružytė D., Šumskienė E. (2020). Lietuvos socialinio verslo pradininkų patirtys. Socialinė teorija, empirija, politika ir praktika, 21, 8–25. https://etalpykla.lituanistikadb.lt/object/LTLDB0001:J.04~2020~1618638540022/J.04~2020~1618638540022.pdf
3. Amslem, T., Gendron, Y. (2019). From Emotionality to the Cultivation of Employability: An Ethnography of Change in Social Work Expertise Following the Spread of Quantification in a Social Enterprise. Management Accounting Research, 42, 39–55. https://repofeb.undip.ac.id/372/1/1-s2.0-S1044500518300349-main%202019-12-19%20%28Elsevier%29.pdf
4. Au, W. C., Drencheva, A., Yew, J. L. (2021). Narrating Career in Social Entrepreneurship: Experiences of Social Entrepreneurs. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1–27, https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2021.1890188
5. Barki, E., Comini, G., Cunliffe, A., Hart, S., Rai, S. (2015). Social Entrepreneurship and Social Business: Retrospective and Prospective Research. Revista de Administração de Empresas, 55 (4), 380–384. https://www.scielo.br/j/rae/a/N4kzrjj9jdkxNhjWWVxvJbJ/?format=pdf&lang=en
6. Bartkutė, R., Skėruvienė, V. (2022). Socialinio verslo iššūkiai Lietuvoje. Regional Formation and Development Studies, 36, 22–34. https://e-journals.ku.lt/journal/RFDS/article/2656/info
7. Chandra, Y., Shang, L. (2021). Social Entrepreneurship Interventions in the HIV/AIDS Sector: A Social Entrepreneurship–social Work Perspective. International Social Work, 64(1), 5–23. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0020872818807735
8. Cohen, H., Kaspi-Baruch, O., Katz, H. (2019). The Social Entrepreneur Puzzle: the Background, Personality and Motivation of Israeli Social Entrepreneurs. Journal of Social Enterpreneurship, 10, 211–231. https://ezproxy.svako.lt:2235/doi/epub/10.1080/19420676.2018.1541010?needAccess=true
9. Creswell, J. (2014). Research Design. Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
10. Defourny, J., Nyssens, M. (2021). Social Enterprise, Welfare Regimes and Policy Implications. New York: Routledge. https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/id/6fce9984-fbce-4a3b-ac36-f7641fcdb8c9/9780429621772.pdf
11. Dao, H. T. M. (2021). Exploring Social Work Practice in the Area of Social Entrepreneurship. In Minding the Gaps and Challenging the Change in Social Work. International Research in Poland under Erasmus Mundus ADVANCES. Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Agnieszka-Naumiuk-3/publication/354228883_Minding_the_Gaps_and_Challenging_the_Change_in_Social_Work_International_Research_in_Poland_under_Erasmus_Mundus_ADVANCES/links/61439a17f4a9f7651162d5af/Minding-the-Gaps-and-Challenging-the-Change-in-Social-Work-International-Research-in-Poland-under-Erasmus-Mundus-ADVANCES.pdf#page=241
12. Faulkner, S. S., Faulkner, C. A. (2019). Research Methods for Social Workers. A Practice - Based Approach. New York: Oxford University Press.
13. Fernando, R. (2015). Social Work and Social Entrepreneurship: Opportunities for Synergy and Social Change. Journal of Baccalaureate Social Work, 20(1), 189–198. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rukshan-Fernando/publication/288021603_Social_Work_and_Social_Entrepreneurship_Opportunities_for_Synergy_and_Social_Change/links/590cdb430f7e9b2863a1d7df/Social-Work-and-Social-Entrepreneurship-Opportunities-for-Synergy-and-Social-Change.pdf
14. Flick, U. (2018). An Introduction to Qualitative Research. Los Angeles: SAGE.
15. Gembickienė, V., Leonienė, B. (2015). Socialinis verslas–nauja galimybė stiprinti socialinę ekonomiką. https://www.alytauskolegija.lt/wp-content/uploads/straipsniai_2015/Gembickiene.pdf
16. Germak, A. J., Singh, K. K. (2009). Social Entrepreneurship: Changing the Way Social Workers Do Business. Administration in Social Work, 34(1), 79-95. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03643100903432974
17. Girlevičienė, L., Kvietkauskienė, A. (2021). Valstybės Pagalbos Neįgaliųjų Užimtumui Vertinimas, Remiantis Kitų Es Šalių Praktika. Social Inquiry Into Well-Being, 19(1), 6-25. https://doi.org/10.13165/SD-21-19-1-01
18. Herman, L., Vervaeck, B. (2019). Handbook of Narrative Analysis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. https://www.google.com/books?hl=lt&lr=&id=Q0C3DwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA8&dq=narrative+analysis+&ots=huLl3CAyF9&sig=rBa97YxZla5uTBDzq0NLuBaafkw
19. Hoefer, R. A., Sliva, S. M. (2016). Social Enterprise in Higher Education: A Viable Venture? Journal of Social Work Education, 52(4), 422–433. https://ezproxy.svako.lt:2235/doi/full/10.1080/10437797.2016.1165156
20. Jakubavičius, Leichetris ir Stumbrytė (2016). Socialinio verslo plėtros Lietuvoje galimybių studija. Vilnius: Lietuvos inovacijų centras. https://socmin.lrv.lt/uploads/socmin/documents/files/pdf/12778_soc_verslo_galimybiu_studija-20161209.pdf
21. Kruse, P., Wach, D., Wegge, J. (2021). What Motivates Social Entrepreneurs? A Meta-analysis on Predictors of the Intention to Found a Social Enterprise. Journal of Small Business Managment, 59, 477–508. https://ezproxy.svako.lt:2235/doi/epub/10.1080/00472778.2020.1844493?needAccess=true
22. Lietuvos socialinio verslo asociacija. (2019). Socialinio verslo galimybių Lietuvoje studija. https://www.esinvesticijos.lt/uploads/main/esproducts/docs/113399_cd158e9fd9b80c63d6e61b01ddf3fdff.pdf
23. Linton, K. F. (2013). Developing a Social Enterprise as a Social Worker. Administration in Social Work, 37(5), 458–470. https://ezproxy.svako.lt:2235/doi/full/10.1080/03643107.2013.828000
24. Nandan, M., London, M., Bent-Goodley, T. (2015). Social Workers as social Change Agents: Social Innovation, Social Intrapreneurship, and Social Entrepreneurship. Human Service Organizations: Management, Leadership & Governance, 39(1), 38–56. https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4780&context=facpubs
25. Nandan, M., Scott, P. A. (2013). Social Entrepreneurship and Social Work: The Need for a Transdisciplinary Educational Model. Administration in Social Work, 37(3), 257–271. https://ezproxy.svako.lt:2235/doi/full/10.1080/03643107.2012.684428
26. Navasaitienė, S., Vishniakova, M., Rukuižienė, R. (2016). New Motives and Models for Creation Social Business in the Republic of Belarus. Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development, 38, 403–411. https://portalcris.vdu.lt/server/api/core/bitstreams/d9849d85-6d01-4d05-bc42-27ebab59f64e/content
27. Nouman, H., Cnaan, R. A. (2023). Community Social Workers as Social Entrepreneurs: Lessons from Israel. International Social Work, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/00208728221149283
28. Omorede, A. (2014). Exploration of Motivational Drivers towards Social Entrepreneurship. Social Enterprise Journal, 10, 239–267. https://doi.org/10.1108/SEJ-03-2013-0014
29. Pušinaitė-Gelgotė, R., Pučėnaitė, R., Novelskaitė, A. (2019). Socialinio verslo poveikių vertinimo patirtys Lietuvoje socialinių verslinink(i)ų požiūriu. Information & Media, 86, 116–132. https://www.zurnalai.vu.lt/IM/article/view/15518
30. Ramaškienė, L., Šumskienė, E. (2020). Socialinio verslo įtaka bendruomenių socialinio kapitalo plėtrai. Socialinė teorija, empirija, politika ir praktika, 21, 66–85. https://talpykla.elaba.lt/elaba-fedora/objects/elaba:78899817/datastreams/MAIN/content
31. Rawhouser, H., Cummings, M., Newbert, S. L. (2019). Social Impact Measurement: Current Approaches and Future Directions for Social Entrepreneurship Research. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 43(1), 82–115. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1042258717727718
32. Ruskin, J., Seymour, R. G., Webster, C. M. (2016). Why Create Value for Others? An Exploration of Social Entrepreneurial Motives. Journal of Small Business Management, 54, 1015–1037. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/293800723_Why_Create_Value_for_Others_An_Exploration_of_Social_Entrepreneurial_Motives
33. Scope about Disability (2017). The Social Model of Disability. https://www.scope.org.uk/about-us/our-brand/social-model-of-disability
34. Smith, B. (2016). Narrative Analysis. Analysing Qualitative Data in Psychology, 2, 202–221. https://www.academia.edu/download/51260768/Narrative_analysis_Brett_Smith.pdf
35. Socialinio verslo koncepcija, patvirtinta Lietuvos ūkio ministerijos 2015 m. balandžio 3 d. įsakymu Nr. 4-207. https://e-seimas.lrs.lt/portal/legalAct/lt/TAD/820ade70da4011e48533ed4be8ca86a2/asr
36. Sperkienė, L. (2021). Socialinio verslo situacija ir galimybės Lietuvoje. Ekonomika. Verslas. Vadyba: Tarptautinės studentų mokslinės-praktinės konferencijos straipsnių rinkinys. 438-446. Vilnius: Vilniaus kolegija. https://ekf.viko.lt/media/uploads/sites/7/2015/06/Konferencijos-leidinys-2021.pdf
37. Šumskienė, E., Augutienė, R., Jonutytė, J., Šumskas, G. (2014). Negalią turinčių moterų padėties tyrimas. https://www.lygybe.lt/data/public/uploads/2016/02/negalia-turinciu-moteru-padeties-tyrimas.pdf
38. Versli Lietuva. (2020). 2020 metų veiklos rezultatai. https://www.verslilietuva.lt/wpcontent/uploads/2021/05/VA_2020_200x240m5mm_05_06_pages-1.pdf
39. White, G. R., Samuel, A., Pickernell, D., Taylor, D., & Mason-Jones, R. (2018). Social Entrepreneurs in Challenging Places: A Delphi Study of Experiences and Perspectives. Local Economy, 33(8), 800–821. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269094218803313
Published
2023-11-20
How to Cite
Snitkienė, L., & Povilaitienė, N. (2023). Socialinio verslo kūrimo patirčių socialiniame darbe. Mokslo Taikomieji Tyrimai / Applied Research, 2(19), 28-37. https://doi.org/10.59476/mtt.v2i19.620
Section
Socialinių mokslų tyrimai
Copyright (c) 2023 Liveta Snitkienė, Neringa Povilaitienė
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
